[[Naming_Global_Bindings_Configuration]]
= Global Bindings Configuration

The Naming subsystem configuration allows binding entries into the
following global JNDI namespaces:

* `java:global`
* `java:jboss`
* `java:`

[NOTE]

If WildFly is to be used as a Jakarta EE application server, then it's
recommended to opt for `java:global`, since it is a standard (i.e.
portable) namespace.

Four different types of bindings are supported:

* Simple
* Object Factory
* External Context
* Lookup

In the subsystem's XML configuration, global bindings are configured
through the `<bindings />` XML element, as an example:

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<bindings>
    <simple name="java:global/a" value="100" type="int" />
    <object-factory name="java:global/foo/bar/factory" module="org.foo.bar" class="org.foo.bar.ObjectFactory" />
    <external-context name="java:global/federation/ldap/example" class="javax.naming.directory.InitialDirContext" cache="true">
        <environment>
            <property name="java.naming.factory.initial" value="com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory" />
            <property name="java.naming.provider.url" value="ldap://ldap.example.com:389" />
            <property name="java.naming.security.authentication" value="simple" />
            <property name="java.naming.security.principal" value="uid=admin,ou=system" />
            <property name="java.naming.security.credentials" value="secret" />
        </environment>
    </external-context>
    <lookup name="java:global/c" lookup="java:global/b" />
</bindings>
----

[[simple-bindings]]
== Simple Bindings

A simple binding is a primitive or java.net.URL entry, and it is defined
through the `simple` XML element. An example of its XML configuration:

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<simple name="java:global/a" value="100" type="int" />
----

The `name` attribute is mandatory and specifies the target JNDI name for
the entry.

The `value` attribute is mandatory and defines the entry's value.

The optional `type` attribute, which defaults to `java.lang.String`,
specifies the type of the entry's value. Besides java.lang.String,
allowed types are all the primitive types and their corresponding object
wrapper classes, such as int or java.lang.Integer, and java.net.URL.

Management clients, such as the WildFly CLI, may be used to configure
simple bindings. An example to `add` and `remove` the one in the XML
example above:

[source,options="nowrap"]
----
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/a:add(binding-type=simple, type=int, value=100)
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/a:remove
----

[[object-factories]]
== Object Factories

The Naming subsystem configuration allows the binding of
`javax.naming.spi.ObjectFactory` entries, through the `object-factory`
XML element, for instance:

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<object-factory name="java:global/foo/bar/factory" module="org.foo.bar" class="org.foo.bar.ObjectFactory">
    <environment>
        <property name="p1" value="v1" />
        <property name="p2" value="v2" />
    </environment>
</object-factory>
----

The `name` attribute is mandatory and specifies the target JNDI name for
the entry.

The `class` attribute is mandatory and defines the object factory's Java
type.

The `module` attribute is mandatory and specifies the JBoss Module ID
where the object factory Java class may be loaded from.

The optional `environment` child element may be used to provide a custom
environment to the object factory.

Management clients, such as the WildFly CLI, may be used to configure
object factory bindings. An example to `add` and `remove` the one in the
XML example above:

[source,options="nowrap"]
----
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/foo\/bar\/factory:add(binding-type=object-factory, module=org.foo.bar, class=org.foo.bar.ObjectFactory, environment=[p1=v1, p2=v2])
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/foo\/bar\/factory:remove
----

[[external-context-federation]]
== External Context Federation

Federation of external JNDI contexts, such as a LDAP context, are
achieved by adding External Context bindings to the global bindings
configuration, through the `external-context` XML element. An example of
its XML configuration:

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<external-context name="java:global/federation/ldap/example" class="javax.naming.directory.InitialDirContext" cache="true">
    <environment>
        <property name="java.naming.factory.initial" value="com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory" />
        <property name="java.naming.provider.url" value="ldap://ldap.example.com:389" />
        <property name="java.naming.security.authentication" value="simple" />
        <property name="java.naming.security.principal" value="uid=admin,ou=system" />
        <property name="java.naming.security.credentials" value="secret" />
    </environment>
</external-context>
----

The `name` attribute is mandatory and specifies the target JNDI name for
the entry.

The `class` attribute is mandatory and indicates the Java initial naming
context type used to create the federated context. Note that such type
must have a constructor with a single environment map argument.

The optional `module` attribute specifies the JBoss Module ID where any
classes required by the external JNDI context may be loaded from.

The optional `cache` attribute, which value defaults to `false`,
indicates if the external context instance should be cached.

The optional `environment` child element may be used to provide the
custom environment needed to lookup the external context.

Management clients, such as the WildFly CLI, may be used to configure
external context bindings. An example to `add` and `remove` the one in
the XML example above:

[source,options="nowrap"]
----
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/federation\/ldap\/example:add(binding-type=external-context, cache=true, class=javax.naming.directory.InitialDirContext, environment=[java.naming.factory.initial=com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory, java.naming.provider.url=ldap\:\/\/ldap.example.com\:389, java.naming.security.authentication=simple, java.naming.security.principal=uid\=admin\,ou\=system, java.naming.security.credentials= secret])
 
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/federation\/ldap\/example:remove
----

Some JNDI providers may fail when their resources are looked up if they
do not implement properly the lookup(Name) method. Their errors would
look like:

[cols="",options="header"]
|=======================================================================
|11:31:49,047 ERROR org.jboss.resource.adapter.jms.inflow.JmsActivation
(default-threads -1) javax.naming.InvalidNameException: Only support
CompoundName namesat
com.tibco.tibjms.naming.TibjmsContext.lookup(TibjmsContext.java:504)at
javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:421)
|=======================================================================

To work around their shortcomings, the
`org.jboss.as.naming.lookup.by.string` property can be specified in the
external-context's environment to use instead the lookup(String) method
(with a performance degradation):

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<property name="org.jboss.as.naming.lookup.by.string" value="true"/>
----

*Binding Aliases*

The Naming subsystem configuration allows the binding of existent
entries into additional names, i.e. aliases. Binding aliases are
specified through the `lookup` XML element. An example of its XML
configuration:

[source,xml,options="nowrap"]
----
<lookup name="java:global/c" lookup="java:global/b" />
----

The `name` attribute is mandatory and specifies the target JNDI name for
the entry.

The `lookup` attribute is mandatory and indicates the source JNDI name.
It can chain lookups on external contexts. For example, having an
external context bounded to _java:global/federation/ldap/example_,
searching can be done there by setting `lookup` attribute to
_java:global/federation/ldap/example/subfolder_.

Management clients, such as the WildFly CLI, may be used to configure
binding aliases. An example to `add` and `remove` the one in the XML
example above:

[source,options="nowrap"]
----
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/c:add(binding-type=lookup, lookup=java\:global\/b)
/subsystem=naming/binding=java\:global\/c:remove
----
