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## Chapter 11. Console

Business processes can be managed through a web console. This includes features like managing your process instances (starting/stopping/inspecting), inspecting your (human) task list and executing those tasks, and generating reports.

The jBPM console consists of two wars that must be deployed in your application server and contains the necessary libraries, the actual application, etc. One jar contains the server application, the other one the client.

## 11.1. Installation

The easiest way to get started with the console is probably to use the installer. This will download, install and configure all the necessary components to get the console running, including an in-memory database, a human task service, etc. Check out the chapter on the installer for more information.

The console is a separate sub-project that is shared across different projects, like for example jBPM and RiftSaw. The source code of the version that jBPM5 is currently using can be found on SVN here. The latest version of the console has been moved to Git and can be found here.

### 11.1.1. Authorization

The console requires users to log in before being to use the application. The console uses normal username / password authentication. When using JBossAS for example, this can be specified in the users.properties file in the server/{profile}/conf folder. There you can specify the combination of users that can log into the console and their password.

When using the jBPM installer, a predefined users.properties file (located in the auth folder) is copied to the jbossas/server/default/conf folder automatically. This file can be edited and contains a few predefined users: admin, krisv, john, mary, and sales-rep (as these are commonly used in examples). The password associated with these users is the same as their username.

### 11.1.2. User and group management

The human task service requires you to define which groups a user is part of, so that he can then claim the tasks that are assigned to one of the groups he is part of. The console uses username / group association for that. When using JBossAS for example, this can be specified in the roles.properties file in the server/{profile}/conf folder. There you can specify the combination of users and the groups they are part of.

When using the jBPM installer, a predefined roles.properties file (located in the auth folder) is copied to the jbossas/server/default/conf folder automatically. This file can be edited and contains the groups the predefined users are part of (as these are commonly used in examples): all users are part of the admin, manager and user group but john is also part of the PM (project management) group, mary is part of HR (human resources) and sales-rep is part of sales.

### 11.1.3. Registering your own service handlers

As explained in the chapter on domain-specific services, jBPM allows you to register your own domain-specific services as custom service tasks. The process only contains a high-level description of the service that needs to be executed, and a handler is responsible for the actual implementation, i.e. invoking the service.

You must register your handlers to be able to execute domain-specific services. You can register your handlers by dropping a configuration file in the classpath that specifies the implementation class for each of the handlers. You can specify which configuration files must be loaded in the drools.session.conf file, using the drools.workItemHandlers property (as a list of space-separated file names). These file names should contain a Map of entries, the name and the corresponding WorkItemHandler instance that should be used to execute the service. The configuration file is using the MVEL script language to specify a map of type Map<String,WorkItemHandler>.

You should also make sure that the implementation classes (and dependencies) are also available on the classpath of the server war, for example by dropping the necessary wars in the server/{profile}/lib directory of your JBossAS installation.

For example, suggest you want to use the "Email" service task (that is provided out-of-the-box as an example in the jbpm-workitems module). You should put the jbpm-workitems, javax.mail and javax.activation jars in the lib folder of the AS and the include the following two configuration files in the META-INF folder in the WEB-INF/classes folder of the server war. The drools.session.conf simply refers to the CustomWorkItemHandlers.conf file that contains the actual handlers:

    drools.workItemHandlers = CustomWorkItemHandlers.conf

This configuration file then specifies which handler to register for each of the domain-specific services that are being used, using MVEL to specify a Map<String,WorkItemHandler> (with host, port, username and password replaced by a meaningful value of course):

    [

      "Email": new org.jbpm.process.workitem.email.EmailWorkItemHandler(

                 "host", "port", "username", "password"),

    ]

The installer simplifies registering your own work item handlers significantly by offering these configuration files in the jbpm-installer/conf folder already and automatically copying them to the right location when installing the demo. Simply update these files with your own entries before running ant install.demo.

### 11.1.4. Configure management console

Management console can be configured to suit deployment needs of the environment. Its main configuration is done via property file - jbpm.console.properties, which can be found in jbpm-gwt-console-server.war/WEB-INF/classes. It allows administrators to configure following aspects of management console:

- task server connectivity
- Guvnor connectivity
- console host and port numer
- console resource directory (for local process, rules, etc repository)

Each of mentioned aspects can have one or more attributes that drive their behavior, following is a complete list of supported properties for every aspect.

Management console configuration

- jbpm.console.server.host : host/ip address used to bind management console
- jbpm.console.server.port : port used to bind management console
- jbpm.console.directory : local directory used as process/rules repository

Task server connectivity

- jbpm.console.task.service.strategy : transport used to connect to task server (default Mina and accepts Mina|HornetQ|JMS)
- jbpm.console.task.service.host : host where Task Server is deployed (default localhost) applies to all transports
- jbpm.console.task.service.port : port where Task Server is deployed (default 9123) applies to all transports
- JMSTaskClient.connectionFactory : JNDI name of connection factory only for JMS (no default)
- JMSTaskClient.acknowledgeMode : acknowledgment mode only for JMS (no default)
- JMSTaskClient.transactedQueue : transacted queue name only for JMS (no default)
- JMSTaskClient.queueName : queue name only for JMS (no default)
- JMSTaskClient.responseQueueName : response queue name only for JMS (no default)

Guvnor connectivity

- guvnor.protocol : protocol to access Guvnor (default http)
- guvnor.host : host and port number where Guvnor is deployed (default localhost:8080)
- guvnor.subdomain : subdomain/context root of Guvnor (default drools-guvnor)
- guvnor.usr : user id to authenticate in Guvnor (default admin)
- guvnor.pwd : password to authenticate in Guvnor (default admin)
- guvnor.packages : comma separated list of packages to load from Guvnor
- guvnor.connect.timeout : connect timeout (default 10000)
- guvnor.read.timeout : read timeout (default 10000)

## 11.2. Running the process management console

Now navigate to the following URL (replace the host and/or port depending on how the application server is configured): http://localhost:8080/jbpm-console

A login screen should pop up, asking for your user name and password. By default, the following username/password configurations are supported: krisv/krisv, admin/admin, john/john and mary/mary.

After filling these in, the process management workbench should be opened, as shown in the screenshot below. On the right you will see several tabs, related to process instance management, human task lists and reporting, as explained in the following sections.

### 11.2.1. Managing process instances

The "Processes" section allows you to inspect the process definitions that are currently part of the installed knowledge base, start new process instances and manage running process instances (which includes inspecting their state and data).

#### 11.2.1.1. Inspecting process definitions

When you open the process definition list, all known process definitions are shown. You can then either inspect process instances for one specific process or start a new process instance.

#### 11.2.1.2. Starting new process instances

To start a new process instance for one specific process definition, select the process definition in the process definition list. Click on the "Start" button in the instances table to start a new instance of that specific process. When a form is associated with this particular process (to ask for additional information before starting the process), this form will be shown. After completing this form, the process will be started with the provided information.

#### 11.2.1.3. Managing process instances

The process instances table shows all running instances of that specific process definition. Select a process instance to show the details of that specific process instance.

#### 11.2.1.4. Inspecting process instance state

You can inspect the state of a specific process instance by clicking on the "Diagram" button. This will show you the process flow chart, where a red triangle is shown at each node that is currently active (like for example a human task node waiting for the task to be completed or a join node waiting for more incoming connections before continuing). [Note that multiple instances of one node could be executing simultaneously. They will still be shown using only one red triangle.]

#### 11.2.1.5. Inspecting process instance variables

You can inspect the (top-level) variables of a specific process instance by clicking on the "Instance Data" button. This will show you how each variable defined in the process maps to it's corresponding value for that specific process instance.

### 11.2.2. Human task lists

The task management section allows a user to see his/her current task list. The group task list shows all the tasks that are not yet assigned to one specific user but that the currently logged in user could claim. The personal task list shows all tasks that are assigned to the currently logged in user. To execute a task, select it in your personal task list and select "View". If a form is associated with the selected task (for example to ask for additional information), this form will be shown. After completing the form, the task will also be completed.

### 11.2.3. Reporting

The reporting section allows you to view reports about the execution of processes. This includes an overall report showing an overview of all processes, as shown below.

A report regarding one specific process instance can also be generated.

jBPM provides some sample reports that could be used to visualize some generic execution characteristics like the number of active process instances per process etc. But custom reports could be generated to show the information your company thinks is important, by replacing the report templates in the report directory.

The jBPM installer by default does not install the reporting engine (to limit the size of the download). If you want to try out persistence, make sure to put the jBPM.birt.download property in the build.properties file to true before running the installer. If you get an exception that the report engine was not initialized correctly, please run the installer again after making sure that reporting is enabled.

## 11.3. Adding new process / task forms

Forms can be used to (1) start a new process or (2) complete a human task. We use freemarker templates to dynamically create forms. To create a form for a specific process definition, create a freemarker template with the name {processId}.ftl. The template itself should use HTML code to model the form. For example, the form to start the evaluation process shown above is defined in the com.sample.evaluation.ftl file:

    <html>

    <body>

    <h2>Start Performance Evaluation</h2>

    <hr>

    <form action="complete" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

    Please fill in your username: <input type="text" name="employee" /></BR>

    <input type="submit" value="Complete">

    </form>

    </body>

    </html>

Similarly, task forms for a specific type of human task (uniquely identified by its task name) can be linked to that human task by creating a freemarker template with the name {taskName}.ftl. The form has access to a "task" parameter that represents the current human task, so it allows you to dynamically adjust the task form based on the task input. The task parameter is a Task model object as defined in the jbpm-human-task module. This for example allows you to customize the task form based on the description or input data related to that task. For example, the evaluation form shown earlier uses the task parameter to access the description of the task and show that in the task form:

    <html>

    <body>

    <h2>Employee evaluation</h2>

    <hr>

    ${task.descriptions[0].text}<br/>

    <br/>

    Please fill in the following evaluation form:

    <form action="complete" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">

    Rate the overall performance: <select name="performance">

    <option value="outstanding">Outstanding</option>

    <option value="exceeding">Exceeding expectations</option>

    <option value="acceptable">Acceptable</option>

    <option value="below">Below average</option>

    </select><br/>

    <br/>

    Check any that apply:<br/>

    <input type="checkbox" name="initiative" value="initiative">Displaying initiative<br/>

    <input type="checkbox" name="change" value="change">Thriving on change<br/>

    <input type="checkbox" name="communication" value="communication">Good communication skills<br/>

    <br/>

    <input type="submit" value="Complete">

    </form>

    </body>

    </html>

Task forms also have access to the additional task parameters that might be mapped in the user task node from process variable using parameter mapping. Check out the chapter on human tasks for more details. These task parameters are also directly accessible inside the task form. For example, imagine that you want to make a task form for review customer requests. The user task node copies the userId (of the customer that performed the request), the comment (the description of the request) and the date (the actual date and time of the request) from the process into the task as task parameters. In that case, these parameters will then be accessible directly in the task form, as shown below:

    <html>
    <body>
    <h2>Request Review</h2>
    <hr>
    UserId: ${userId} <br/>
    Description: ${description} <br/>
    Date: ${date?date} ${date?time}
    <form action="complete" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    Comment:<BR/>
    <textarea cols="50" rows="5" name="comment"></textarea></BR>
    <input type="submit" name="outcome" value="Accept">
    <input type="submit" name="outcome" value="Reject">
    </form>
    </body>
    </html>

Data that is provided by the user when filling in the task form will be added as result parameters when completing the task. The name of the data element will be used as the name of the result parameter. For example, when completing the first task above, the Map of outcome parameters will include result variables called "performance", "initiative", "change" and "communication". The result parameters can be accessed in the related process by mapping these result parameters to process variables using result mapping.

Forms should either be available on the classpath (for example inside a jar in the jbossas/server/default/lib folder or added to the set of sample forms in the jbpm-gwt-form.jar in the jbpm console server war), or you could use the Guvnor process repository to store your forms as well. Check out the chapter on the process repository to get more information on how to do that.

## 11.4. REST interface

The console also offers a REST interface for the functionality it exposes. This for example allows easy integration with the process engine for features like starting process instances, retrieving task lists, etc.

The list URLS that the REST interface exposes can be inspected if you navigate to the following URL (after installing and starting the console):

http://localhost:8080/gwt-console-server/rs/server/resources

For example, this allows you to close a task using

/gwt-console-server/rs/task/{taskId}/close

or starting a new process instance using

/gwt-console-server/rs/process/definition/{id}/new_instance

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