/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
package org.apache.cxf.sts.operation;

import java.security.Principal;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Text;
import org.apache.cxf.helpers.DOMUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.context.WebServiceContextImpl;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.context.WrappedMessageContext;
import org.apache.cxf.message.MessageImpl;
import org.apache.cxf.security.SecurityContext;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.QNameConstants;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.STSConstants;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.STSPropertiesMBean;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.SignatureProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.StaticSTSProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.common.PasswordCallbackHandler;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.common.TestUtils;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.EncryptionProperties;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.ServiceMBean;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.service.StaticService;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.provider.SAMLTokenProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.sts.token.provider.TokenProvider;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.STSException;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.BinarySecretType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.EntropyType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.ParticipantType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.ParticipantsType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.RequestSecurityTokenCollectionType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.RequestSecurityTokenResponseType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.RequestSecurityTokenType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.RequestedSecurityTokenType;
import org.apache.cxf.ws.security.sts.provider.model.UseKeyType;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.Crypto;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.CryptoFactory;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.CryptoType;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.principal.CustomTokenPrincipal;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.saml.SAMLKeyInfo;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.saml.SamlAssertionWrapper;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.saml.builder.SAML1Constants;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.saml.builder.SAML2Constants;
import org.apache.wss4j.common.util.DOM2Writer;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.WSConstants;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.WSDocInfo;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.WSSConfig;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.handler.RequestData;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.message.WSSecEncryptedKey;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.saml.WSSSAMLKeyInfoProcessor;
import org.apache.wss4j.dom.util.WSSecurityUtil;
import org.apache.xml.security.utils.Base64;

/**
 * Some unit tests for the issue operation to issue SAML tokens.
 */
public class IssueSamlUnitTest extends org.junit.Assert {
    
    public static final QName REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN = 
        QNameConstants.WS_TRUST_FACTORY.createRequestedSecurityToken(null).getName();
    public static final QName ATTACHED_REFERENCE = 
        QNameConstants.WS_TRUST_FACTORY.createRequestedAttachedReference(null).getName();
    public static final QName UNATTACHED_REFERENCE = 
        QNameConstants.WS_TRUST_FACTORY.createRequestedUnattachedReference(null).getName();
        
    private static boolean unrestrictedPoliciesInstalled;
        
    static {
        unrestrictedPoliciesInstalled = TestUtils.checkUnrestrictedPoliciesInstalled();
    };
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 1.1 token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml1Token() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML1Constants.CONF_BEARER));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 2 token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2Token() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 2 token, submitting an AppliesTo URI Element, instead
     * of the usual EPR one.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2AppliesToURIToken() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToURIElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue multiple Saml tokens. It request a SAML 1.1 and SAML 2 token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueMultipleSamlTokens() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenCollectionType requestCollection = 
            new RequestSecurityTokenCollectionType();
        // SAML 1.1 request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        requestCollection.getRequestSecurityToken().add(request);
        
        // SAML 2 request
        request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType2 = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType2);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        requestCollection.getRequestSecurityToken().add(request);
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(requestCollection, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertEquals(securityTokenResponse.size(), 2);
        
        // Test the generated tokens.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML1Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(1).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue an encrypted Saml 2 token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueEncryptedSaml2Token() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        issueOperation.setEncryptIssuedToken(true);
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        EncryptionProperties encryptionProperties = new EncryptionProperties();
        if (!unrestrictedPoliciesInstalled) {
            encryptionProperties.setEncryptionAlgorithm(WSConstants.AES_128);
        }
        service.setEncryptionProperties(encryptionProperties);
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("EncryptedData"));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 1.1 PublicKey token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml1PublicKeyToken() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        JAXBElement<String> keyType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.KEY_TYPE, String.class, STSConstants.PUBLIC_KEY_KEYTYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(keyType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        try {
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
            fail("Failure expected on no certificate");
        } catch (STSException ex) {
            // expected failure on no certificate
        }
        
        // Now add UseKey
        UseKeyType useKey = createUseKey(crypto, "myclientkey");
        JAXBElement<UseKeyType> useKeyType = 
            new JAXBElement<UseKeyType>(QNameConstants.USE_KEY, UseKeyType.class, useKey);
        request.getAny().add(useKeyType);
        
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains(SAML1Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML1Constants.CONF_HOLDER_KEY));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml2 SymmetricKey token.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2SymmetricKeyToken() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        JAXBElement<String> keyType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.KEY_TYPE, String.class, STSConstants.SYMMETRIC_KEY_KEYTYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(keyType);
        JAXBElement<String> computedKey = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.COMPUTED_KEY_ALGORITHM, String.class, STSConstants.COMPUTED_KEY_PSHA1
            );
        request.getAny().add(computedKey);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Now add Entropy
        BinarySecretType binarySecretType = new BinarySecretType();
        binarySecretType.setType(STSConstants.NONCE_TYPE);
        binarySecretType.setValue(WSSecurityUtil.generateNonce(256 / 8));
        JAXBElement<BinarySecretType> binarySecretTypeJaxb = 
            new JAXBElement<BinarySecretType>(
                QNameConstants.BINARY_SECRET, BinarySecretType.class, binarySecretType
            );
        
        EntropyType entropyType = new EntropyType();
        entropyType.getAny().add(binarySecretTypeJaxb);
        JAXBElement<EntropyType> entropyJaxbType = 
            new JAXBElement<EntropyType>(QNameConstants.ENTROPY, EntropyType.class, entropyType);
        request.getAny().add(entropyJaxbType);
        
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_HOLDER_KEY));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml2 SymmetricKey token. Rather than using a Nonce as the
     * Entropy, a secret key is supplied by the client instead.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2SymmetricKeyTokenSecretKey() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        JAXBElement<String> keyType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.KEY_TYPE, String.class, STSConstants.SYMMETRIC_KEY_KEYTYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(keyType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Now add Entropy
        BinarySecretType binarySecretType = new BinarySecretType();
        binarySecretType.setType(STSConstants.SYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE);
        binarySecretType.setValue(WSSecurityUtil.generateNonce(256 / 8));
        JAXBElement<BinarySecretType> binarySecretTypeJaxb = 
            new JAXBElement<BinarySecretType>(
                QNameConstants.BINARY_SECRET, BinarySecretType.class, binarySecretType
            );
        
        EntropyType entropyType = new EntropyType();
        entropyType.getAny().add(binarySecretTypeJaxb);
        JAXBElement<EntropyType> entropyJaxbType = 
            new JAXBElement<EntropyType>(QNameConstants.ENTROPY, EntropyType.class, entropyType);
        request.getAny().add(entropyJaxbType);
        
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_HOLDER_KEY));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml2 SymmetricKey token. Rather than using a Nonce as the Entropy,
     * a secret key is supplied by the client instead in an EncryptedKey structure.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2SymmetricKeyTokenEncryptedKey() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        JAXBElement<String> keyType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.KEY_TYPE, String.class, STSConstants.SYMMETRIC_KEY_KEYTYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(keyType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Now add Entropy
        WSSecEncryptedKey builder = new WSSecEncryptedKey();
        builder.setUserInfo("mystskey");
        builder.setKeyIdentifierType(WSConstants.ISSUER_SERIAL);
        builder.setKeyEncAlgo(WSConstants.KEYTRANSPORT_RSAOEP);
        
        Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
        builder.prepare(doc, stsProperties.getSignatureCrypto());
        Element encryptedKeyElement = builder.getEncryptedKeyElement();
        byte[] secret = builder.getEphemeralKey();
        
        EntropyType entropyType = new EntropyType();
        entropyType.getAny().add(encryptedKeyElement);
        JAXBElement<EntropyType> entropyJaxbType = 
            new JAXBElement<EntropyType>(QNameConstants.ENTROPY, EntropyType.class, entropyType);
        request.getAny().add(entropyJaxbType);
        
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertFalse(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_HOLDER_KEY));
        
        // Test that the (encrypted) secret sent in Entropy was used in the SAML Subject KeyInfo
        SamlAssertionWrapper assertionWrapper = new SamlAssertionWrapper(assertion);
        RequestData data = new RequestData();
        
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put(
            "org.apache.wss4j.crypto.provider", "org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.Merlin"
        );
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.password", "sspass");
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.file", "servicestore.jks");
        
        data.setDecCrypto(CryptoFactory.getInstance(properties));
        data.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        data.setWssConfig(WSSConfig.getNewInstance());
        
        assertionWrapper.parseSubject(
            new WSSSAMLKeyInfoProcessor(data, new WSDocInfo(assertion.getOwnerDocument())), 
                                        data.getSigVerCrypto(), data.getCallbackHandler()
        );
        
        SAMLKeyInfo samlKeyInfo = assertionWrapper.getSubjectKeyInfo();
        assertTrue(Arrays.equals(secret, samlKeyInfo.getSecret()));
    }
    
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 1.1 token with no References
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml1TokenNoReference() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        issueOperation.setReturnReferences(false);
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test that no references were returned
        boolean foundReference = false;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && (ATTACHED_REFERENCE.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())
                || UNATTACHED_REFERENCE.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName()))) {
                foundReference = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertFalse(foundReference);
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 2 token using a specified C14n Algorithm.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2DifferentC14nToken() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        
        SignatureProperties sigProperties = new SignatureProperties();
        List<String> acceptedC14nAlgorithms = new ArrayList<String>();
        acceptedC14nAlgorithms.add(WSConstants.C14N_EXCL_OMIT_COMMENTS);
        acceptedC14nAlgorithms.add(WSConstants.C14N_EXCL_WITH_COMMENTS);
        sigProperties.setAcceptedC14nAlgorithms(acceptedC14nAlgorithms);
        stsProperties.setSignatureProperties(sigProperties);
        
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        JAXBElement<String> c14nAlg = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.C14N_ALGORITHM, String.class, WSConstants.C14N_EXCL_WITH_COMMENTS
            );
        request.getAny().add(c14nAlg);
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(WSConstants.C14N_EXCL_WITH_COMMENTS));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to successfully issue a Saml 2 token using a specified Signature Algorithm.
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testIssueSaml2DifferentSignatureToken() throws Exception {
        if (!TestUtils.checkUnrestrictedPoliciesInstalled()) {
            return;
        }
        
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        
        SignatureProperties sigProperties = new SignatureProperties();
        List<String> acceptedSignatureAlgorithms = new ArrayList<String>();
        String signatureAlgorithm = "http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmldsig-more#rsa-sha256";
        acceptedSignatureAlgorithms.add(signatureAlgorithm);
        acceptedSignatureAlgorithms.add(WSConstants.RSA_SHA1);
        sigProperties.setAcceptedSignatureAlgorithms(acceptedSignatureAlgorithms);
        stsProperties.setSignatureProperties(sigProperties);
        
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        JAXBElement<String> signatureAlg = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM, String.class, signatureAlgorithm
            );
        request.getAny().add(signatureAlg);
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(signatureAlgorithm));
    }
    
    /**
     * Test to UseKey validation
     */
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testUseKey() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        JAXBElement<String> keyType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.KEY_TYPE, String.class, STSConstants.PUBLIC_KEY_KEYTYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(keyType);
        
        UseKeyType useKey = createUseKey(crypto, "myclientkey");
        JAXBElement<UseKeyType> useKeyType = 
            new JAXBElement<UseKeyType>(QNameConstants.USE_KEY, UseKeyType.class, useKey);
        request.getAny().add(useKeyType);
        
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
            }
        }
        
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_HOLDER_KEY));
        
        // Now remove the UseKey + send a non-trusted UseKey certificate
        request.getAny().remove(useKeyType);
        
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put(
            "org.apache.wss4j.crypto.provider", "org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.Merlin"
        );
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.password", "evespass");
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.file", "eve.jks");
        
        useKey = createUseKey(CryptoFactory.getInstance(properties), "eve");
        useKeyType = new JAXBElement<UseKeyType>(QNameConstants.USE_KEY, UseKeyType.class, useKey);
        request.getAny().add(useKeyType);
        
        // This should fail as the UseKey certificate is not trusted
        try {
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
            fail("Failure expected as the UseKey certificate is not trusted");
        } catch (STSException ex) {
            // expected
        }
        
        // Now allow non-trusted UseKey certificates...
        stsProperties.setValidateUseKey(false);
        response = issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        securityTokenResponse = response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
    }
    
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testSaml1Participants() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Add participants
        String primaryParticipant = "http://primary.participant/";
        String secondaryParticipant = "http://secondary.participant/";
        
        ParticipantType primary = new ParticipantType();
        Document doc = DOMUtils.newDocument();
        primary.setAny(createEndpointReference(doc, primaryParticipant));
        
        ParticipantType secondary = new ParticipantType();
        secondary.setAny(createEndpointReference(doc, secondaryParticipant));
        
        ParticipantsType participants = new ParticipantsType();
        participants.setPrimary(primary);
        participants.getParticipant().add(secondary);
        
        JAXBElement<ParticipantsType> participantsType = 
            new JAXBElement<ParticipantsType>(
                QNameConstants.PARTICIPANTS, ParticipantsType.class, participants
            );
        request.getAny().add(participantsType);
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML1Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(primaryParticipant));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(secondaryParticipant));
    }
    
    @org.junit.Test
    public void testSaml2Participants() throws Exception {
        TokenIssueOperation issueOperation = new TokenIssueOperation();
        
        // Add Token Provider
        List<TokenProvider> providerList = new ArrayList<TokenProvider>();
        providerList.add(new SAMLTokenProvider());
        issueOperation.setTokenProviders(providerList);
        
        // Add Service
        ServiceMBean service = new StaticService();
        service.setEndpoints(Collections.singletonList("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        issueOperation.setServices(Collections.singletonList(service));
        
        // Add STSProperties object
        STSPropertiesMBean stsProperties = new StaticSTSProperties();
        Crypto crypto = CryptoFactory.getInstance(getEncryptionProperties());
        stsProperties.setEncryptionCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setSignatureCrypto(crypto);
        stsProperties.setEncryptionUsername("myservicekey");
        stsProperties.setSignatureUsername("mystskey");
        stsProperties.setCallbackHandler(new PasswordCallbackHandler());
        stsProperties.setIssuer("STS");
        issueOperation.setStsProperties(stsProperties);
        
        // Mock up a request
        RequestSecurityTokenType request = new RequestSecurityTokenType();
        JAXBElement<String> tokenType = 
            new JAXBElement<String>(
                QNameConstants.TOKEN_TYPE, String.class, WSConstants.WSS_SAML2_TOKEN_TYPE
            );
        request.getAny().add(tokenType);
        request.getAny().add(createAppliesToElement("http://dummy-service.com/dummy"));
        
        // Add participants
        String primaryParticipant = "http://primary.participant/";
        String secondaryParticipant = "http://secondary.participant/";
        
        ParticipantType primary = new ParticipantType();
        Document doc = DOMUtils.newDocument();
        primary.setAny(createEndpointReference(doc, primaryParticipant));
        
        ParticipantType secondary = new ParticipantType();
        secondary.setAny(createEndpointReference(doc, secondaryParticipant));
        
        ParticipantsType participants = new ParticipantsType();
        participants.setPrimary(primary);
        participants.getParticipant().add(secondary);
        
        JAXBElement<ParticipantsType> participantsType = 
            new JAXBElement<ParticipantsType>(
                QNameConstants.PARTICIPANTS, ParticipantsType.class, participants
            );
        request.getAny().add(participantsType);
        
        // Mock up message context
        MessageImpl msg = new MessageImpl();
        WrappedMessageContext msgCtx = new WrappedMessageContext(msg);
        msgCtx.put(
            SecurityContext.class.getName(), 
            createSecurityContext(new CustomTokenPrincipal("alice"))
        );
        WebServiceContextImpl webServiceContext = new WebServiceContextImpl(msgCtx);
        
        // Issue a token
        RequestSecurityTokenResponseCollectionType response = 
            issueOperation.issue(request, webServiceContext);
        List<RequestSecurityTokenResponseType> securityTokenResponse = 
            response.getRequestSecurityTokenResponse();
        assertTrue(!securityTokenResponse.isEmpty());
        
        // Test the generated token.
        Element assertion = null;
        for (Object tokenObject : securityTokenResponse.get(0).getAny()) {
            if (tokenObject instanceof JAXBElement<?>
                && REQUESTED_SECURITY_TOKEN.equals(((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getName())) {
                RequestedSecurityTokenType rstType = 
                    (RequestedSecurityTokenType)((JAXBElement<?>)tokenObject).getValue();
                assertion = (Element)rstType.getAny();
                break;
            }
        }
        
        assertNotNull(assertion);
        String tokenString = DOM2Writer.nodeToString(assertion);
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("AttributeStatement"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains("alice"));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(SAML2Constants.CONF_BEARER));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(primaryParticipant));
        assertTrue(tokenString.contains(secondaryParticipant));
    }
    
    /*
     * Create a security context object
     */
    private SecurityContext createSecurityContext(final Principal p) {
        return new SecurityContext() {
            public Principal getUserPrincipal() {
                return p;
            }
            public boolean isUserInRole(String role) {
                return false;
            }
        };
    }
    
    /*
     * Mock up an AppliesTo element using the supplied address
     */
    private Element createAppliesToElement(String addressUrl) {
        Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
        Element appliesTo = doc.createElementNS(STSConstants.WSP_NS, "wsp:AppliesTo");
        appliesTo.setAttributeNS(WSConstants.XMLNS_NS, "xmlns:wsp", STSConstants.WSP_NS);
        appliesTo.appendChild(createEndpointReference(doc, addressUrl));
        return appliesTo;
    }
    
    private Element createAppliesToURIElement(String addressUrl) {
        Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
        Element appliesTo = doc.createElementNS(STSConstants.WSP_NS, "wsp:AppliesTo");
        appliesTo.setAttributeNS(WSConstants.XMLNS_NS, "xmlns:wsp", STSConstants.WSP_NS);
        
        Element uri = doc.createElementNS(STSConstants.WSP_NS, "wsp:URI");
        uri.setTextContent(addressUrl);
        appliesTo.appendChild(uri);
        
        return appliesTo;
    }
    
    private Element createEndpointReference(Document doc, String addressUrl) {
        Element endpointRef = doc.createElementNS(STSConstants.WSA_NS_05, "wsa:EndpointReference");
        endpointRef.setAttributeNS(WSConstants.XMLNS_NS, "xmlns:wsa", STSConstants.WSA_NS_05);
        Element address = doc.createElementNS(STSConstants.WSA_NS_05, "wsa:Address");
        address.setAttributeNS(WSConstants.XMLNS_NS, "xmlns:wsa", STSConstants.WSA_NS_05);
        address.setTextContent(addressUrl);
        endpointRef.appendChild(address);
        
        return endpointRef;
    }
    
    /*
     * Mock up a UseKeyType object
     */
    private UseKeyType createUseKey(Crypto crypto, String alias) throws Exception {
        CryptoType cryptoType = new CryptoType(CryptoType.TYPE.ALIAS);
        cryptoType.setAlias(alias);
        X509Certificate[] certs = crypto.getX509Certificates(cryptoType);
        Document doc = DOMUtils.createDocument();
        Element x509Data = doc.createElementNS(WSConstants.SIG_NS, "ds:X509Data");
        x509Data.setAttributeNS(WSConstants.XMLNS_NS, "xmlns:ds", WSConstants.SIG_NS);
        Element x509Cert = doc.createElementNS(WSConstants.SIG_NS, "ds:X509Certificate");
        Text certText = doc.createTextNode(Base64.encode(certs[0].getEncoded()));
        x509Cert.appendChild(certText);
        x509Data.appendChild(x509Cert);
        
        UseKeyType useKey = new UseKeyType();
        useKey.setAny(x509Data);
        
        return useKey;
    }
    
    private Properties getEncryptionProperties() {
        WSSConfig.init();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put(
            "org.apache.wss4j.crypto.provider", "org.apache.wss4j.common.crypto.Merlin"
        );
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.password", "stsspass");
        properties.put("org.apache.wss4j.crypto.merlin.keystore.file", "stsstore.jks");
        
        return properties;
    }
    
    
}
